Jiangsu Pengfei Group Co., Ltd. is one of the leading manufacturers of rotary kiln and grinding equipment in China and the global market. It will be listed on the main board of Hong Kong in 2019. The stock name and code: China Pengfei Group HK03348
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Today, Jiangsu Pengfei has exported a batch of Indonesian nickel ore rotary kiln to the Fengshan Port for shipment. This shipment is part of the 18 nickel ore equipments invested by Deron Nickel in Indonesia. becoming the largest nickel project investor in Indonesia.
Jiangsu Pengfei Group has achieved customer satisfaction through actions in project performance, and has used high-quality performance as brand support, and received a thank you letter from the customer. In the letter, the customer expressed high affirmation and recognition of the quality and efficiency of the project delivered by our company, and highly evaluated and appreciated the serious and responsible attitude, professional technical capabilities, and efficient execution capabilities of the Pengfei project team. A recognition is also a responsibility, and it is also a driving force for hard work on the road to progress. We always adhere to customer demand-oriented, and are committed to providing customers with professional, efficient services and high-quality products. Thank you for your support, and we are praised for your strength The first nickel matte production line of Zhongwei Indonesia Morowali Industrial Base was officially put into production. After drying in a drying kiln, roasting in a rotary kiln, and smelting in an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, the production line successfully produced high-grade nickel matte. The project has 6 sets of φ5.5x110m roasting kilns and φ5.0x45m drying kilns provided by Pengfei Group. The first OESBF production line put into production this time has an annual output of 10,000 tons of nickel and an overall planning of 60,000 tons. The project successfully applied the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace process (OESBF) to smelt laterite nickel ore for the first time in an industrialized manner, achieving a new breakthrough in global smelting technology engineering and creating a new technical route for laterite nickel ore smelting. The project has been highly recognized by customers, and Pengfei Group has been awarded the "Excellent Supplier of the Year" and "Outstanding Contribution Partner for Overseas Projects in 2024". Keep improving and innovate continuously Pengfei Group has always regarded technological innovation as the core driving force for the development of the enterprise, and has continued to increase investment in technological innovation, strengthen the construction of scientific research talent teams, and tackle key technical innovations and transform achievements. The company is committed to establishing and improving the incentive mechanism for technological innovation, the collaborative innovation cooperation mechanism, etc., and continuously improving the level of digitalization and intelligent development of the industry. When undertaking each project, Pengfei Group adheres to the principle of tailoring detailed solutions for customers to ensure that the project can accurately meet the expectations and needs of customers. Working together, the future is promising In the future, Pengfei will use new technologies and new models as a powerful driving force to continuously improve its core competitiveness, uphold its original aspirations, take on responsibilities, fulfill its contracts with integrity, complete each project with high quality, high standards and high efficiency, and continue to innovate and make breakthroughs in the professional field with greater enthusiasm and professional attitude. Deepen the soil of cooperation, bloom the flowers of win-win, and achieve common growth and development with customers.
The 2024 Building Materials Industry Conference was held in Beijing from November 13 to 14. The conference was hosted by the China Building Materials Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Federation) and co-organized by China Building Materials Group Co., Ltd., with the theme of "Innovation-driven Active Change", aiming to explore the new development trend of the building materials industry, activate new momentum for green development, accelerate the construction of a modern building materials industry system, and promote the industry to smoothly move towards green transformation and high-quality development. Jiangsu Pengfei Group is the vice president unit of the China Building Materials Federation. Chairman Wang Jiaan served as the vice president of the China Building Materials Federation and represented Pengfei Group to attend the conference. The conference led China's building materials green transformation and intelligent upgrading, moving towards "new", winning with "quality", accelerating the development of new quality productivity, and promoting high-quality economic development. On November 13, the 3rd Member Representative Conference of the 6th China Building Materials Federation and the 5th Meeting of the 6th Council were successfully held. The meeting listened to and reviewed the work report of the 6th Council of the Federation and the work report of the Supervisory Board of the Federation; supplemented and adjusted the heads of the 6th Council of the Federation, and the meeting also adjusted the supervisors of the Supervisory Board of the Federation, reviewed and voted on the amendment of the Articles of Association, the adjustment of the dues management method, the "China Building Materials Industry Self-Discipline Convention" and the adjustment of the heads of some internal departments of the Federation. Ignite the innovation engine with the research and development of key core technologies, and win confidence for the development of the industry. On the afternoon of November 14, the Science and Technology Innovation Conference of the Building Materials Industry kicked off. The theme of the conference is "Innovation-driven, meeting challenges, and creating new momentum for green development". At the conference, keynote reports and keynote speeches, breakthrough new technologies and new products of the "Yiye Shangpin" in the building materials industry were released, and the "latest breakthroughs" and "world firsts" of the building materials industry were released for the first time; a lecture on building materials technology was held; a signing ceremony for the fourth batch of major scientific and technological breakthroughs in the national building materials industry was held; the 2023 Building Materials Science and Technology Award was presented, and the building materials industry science and technology innovation platform was awarded; new technologies, new products, new equipment and new applications of outstanding companies in the industry were displayed. At the crossroads of innovation and transformation, Pengfei Group insists on leading industrial innovation with scientific and technological innovation and activating new development momentum. Focus on the main business in the subdivided fields, promote digitalization, greening and internationalization, and accelerate the construction of a modern building materials industry system. By strengthening the leading role of scientific and technological innovation: first, establishing a national enterprise technology center, second, establishing a collaborative innovation mechanism, and third, implementing incentive policies for scientific and technological innovation; accelerating the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries: first, developing a "base + company + strategic alliance" management model, second, operating an "order customization integration" marketing model, and third, expanding the "manufacturing + service" business model; developing strategic emerging industries: first, optimizing the traditional industrial structure, second, developing green and low-carbon industries, and third, entering the new energy industry and other measures to overcome key core technologies, implement energy conservation, carbon reduction and efficiency improvement, and promote green and sustainable development of enterprises. Pengfei will also take the initiative to adapt to changes and actively learn to use various artificial intelligence, AI and other information technologies to inject new vitality into the company's sustainable development and promote the company to achieve higher quality development in the digital and intelligent era.
Abstract: This article mainly analyzes the deviation of the centerline of the rotary kiln after long-term operation. In response to the large number of pits and cracks on the surface of the support roller, and the high risk of conventional adjustment of the support roller, a new adjustment method is proposed. The case of the author's team using the pad adjustment method to adjust the centerline of the kiln is introduced, providing reference suggestions for rotary kiln technicians. The cement rotary kiln is mainly composed of six parts: cylinder body, support device, transmission device, hydraulic stop wheel device, kiln head, and kiln tail. The kiln body of the rotary kiln is inclined to the horizontal to a certain extent, and the entire kiln body is supported by the support roller device, rotating at a certain speed during operation. The interior of the rotary kiln is lined with bricks and materials. The cement rotary kiln barrel will undergo bending deformation under gravity and high temperature, and the actual centerline of the barrel is a curve. When the rotary kiln is running, the center of the cylinder section rotates around an imaginary axis, causing the cylinder to bounce up and down. In order to measure and characterize, the centerline of the cylinder is usually measured as the straightness of the centerline connecting the centers of the rotary kiln cylinder at each support point. That is to say, the straightness of the cylinder is determined by connecting the center points of the cylinder at each support point into a straight line. An incorrect centerline can cause an increase in resistance during the operation of the rotary kiln, leading to an increase in power consumption; In addition, due to the uneven force caused by the swinging of the rotary kiln, it exacerbates the wear of external mechanical components and damages the refractory materials inside the rotary kiln, reducing the service life of the components; In severe cases, it can cause kiln shutdown faults such as cracking of the cylinder, falling of refractory bricks, and equipment damage. The production loss caused by shutting down the kiln, replacing parts, and replacing refractory materials is even greater. The adjustment of the kiln centerline is imperative. On site measurement situation The author conducted testing on XSL1 # Ø 4.0m × 60m kiln from January 8th to January 11th, 2022. Two horizontal measurement benchmarks were established on both sides of the rotary kiln axis, and one vertical measurement benchmark was established on the concrete pier of the rotary kiln (see Figure 1). The horizontal and vertical data measurement of the wheel belt, support roller, and support roller axle were transferred to the horizontal and vertical benchmarks for measurement, and then data processing was carried out. Direction regulation: Looking at the kiln head from the kiln tail, the direction from the kiln tail to the kiln head is the x-axis, the left and right directions of the kiln tail are the y-axis, the right direction is the positive direction, the left direction is the negative direction, and the up and down direction is the z-axis. Figure 1: Horizontal and vertical deviation test principle diagram The data detection results are as follows: (1) The horizontal deviation of the kiln centerline is -2.0mm, and the vertical deviation is+9.0mm (standard: horizontal deviation<1.5mm, vertical deviation<9.0mm, as shown in Figure 2). On site visual inspection revealed that the weld seam of the low-end cylinder of the second gear was cracked. Figure 2: Kiln centerline deviation indicative diagram (2) On January 9th, the slip of the tire belt was measured to be 24.0mm in first gear, 12.0mm in second gear, and 25.0mm in third gear. Based on this, the gap between the tire belt was calculated to be 7.6mm in first gear, 3.8mm in second gear, and 8.0mm in third gear (standard: 5-9mm in first gear, 3-6mm in second and third gears), as shown in Figure 3. Figure 3: tyre distance and slip amount (3)The working angle of the support roller is calculated to be 60 ° 20 ′ for the first gear, 60948 ′ for the second gear, and 60 ° 12 ′ for the third gear (standard: 60 °+1 ° 30 ′), with a kiln slope of 3.99% (design slope: 4.00%), as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4: working diagram of support roller (4)Measure the horizontal tilt of the support roller: 3.5mm on the left side of first gear, 1.5mm on the right side of first gear, 1.0mm on the left side of second gear, 2.0mm on the right side of second gear, 1.0mm on the left side of third gear, and 1.5mm on the right side of third gear (direction: from the kiln head to the kiln tail). Please refer to Figure 5 for specific schematic diagram. Figure 5: horizontal inclination of support roller (5)Measure the vertical tilt of the support roller: 2.0mm on the left side of first gear, 2.0mm on the right side of second gear, 2.0mm on the left side of second gear, 4.0mm on the right side of second gear, 2.5mm on the left side of third gear, and 1.0mm on the right side of second gear. Please refer to Figure 6 for specific schematic diagrams. Future 6: Vertical inclination of support roller 2 Drawing of conventional adjustment plan for the centerline of rotary kiln Draw an adjustment plan based on normal adjustment experience: with a horizontal deviation of -2.0 mm, adjust the left wheel of the second gear to retreat 2.0mm to the left, and the right wheel of the gear to advance 2.0mm to the left; The vertical deviation is+9.0mm. Considering the change in tooth top clearance, the second gear vertical centerline is lowered by 9.0mm and divided into three levels of rising by 2.0mm and falling by 8.0mm. The third level rising by 2.0mm is converted into support roller adjustment, which means that the support rollers on both sides of the third gear move inward by 3.5 mm, and the second level falling by 8.0mm is converted into support roller adjustment, which means that the support rollers on both sides of the second gear move outward by 14.0mm. Overall, the adjustment is that the support rollers on both sides of the third gear move inward by 3.5 mm, the left side support roller of the second gear moves outward by 16.0mm, and the right side support roller of the second gear moves outward by 12.0mm. After this adjustment, it is calculated that the tooth top clearance increases by 0.2mm, which has a small impact on the tooth top clearance. During the on-site inspection process, the original roller adjustment plan was not suitable for the following specific reasons: (1) There are a large number of pits and significant deformation on the surface of the left support roller in second gear, and when measuring the wear of the support roller, it was calculated that the surface of the left support roller in first and second gear is severely worn, while the right support roller in third gear has a large area of pits and crushing deformation (see Figure 7 for details). The damaged support roller causes significant on-site vibration. Considering the abnormality of the support roller, if the support roller is adjusted according to normal conditions, the risk is high, which can easily cause rapid high temperature of the support roller. In severe cases, it can lead to kiln shutdown risk. After adjustment, the damaged support roller still needs to be replaced, and the centerline will still change; Figure 7: pad adjustment (2)The horizontal deflection of the left side support roller in first gear reaches 3.5mm, and the vertical deflection of the right side support roller in second gear reaches 4.0mm. The deflection value of the support roller exceeds the reasonable range. If the support roller adjustment method is continued, it will cause high temperature of the support roller bearing, which poses a greater risk; (3) The working angle of the support roller is calculated to be 60 ° 48 ′ for the second gear. After adjusting according to the original method of adjusting the support roller, the working angle changes to 61 ° 21 ′, approaching the limit value (60 ° ± 1 ° 30 ′), which can easily cause a rapid increase in the temperature of the support roller tile and pose a high risk; In summary, the conventional method of adjusting the centerline of the support roller can easily lead to kiln adjustment risks, and a new centerline adjustment method is imperative. Through the discussion of our testing personnel, a new centerline adjustment plan has been summarized, which comprehensively adjusts the centerline by replacing the damaged idler and reducing the thickness of the pad. After this adjustment is completed, restarting the kiln operation can still achieve the centerline adjustment goal, and it is safer and less risky. Drawing of a new adjustment plan for the centerline of the rotary kiln The specific adjustment is to replace the left side support wheel of the second gear with the designed Ø 1500mm support wheel, replace the right side support wheel of the third gear with the designed 1300mm support wheel, replace the 16mm support wheel base pad with a 4mm pad on the left and right sides of the second gear, and replace the 16mm pad with a 10mm pad on the right side of the second gear. After providing the plan, adjustments were made to the rotary kiln during shutdown. After running for a period of time, it was found that the kiln vibration had significantly improved, and the operation was stable without any other problems. This overall plan provides new ideas for the long-term stable operation of the kiln. Conclusion By analyzing the equipment situation on the rotary kiln site, we changed the conventional kiln adjustment method and innovatively used the pad adjustment method to adjust the kiln centerline, greatly reducing the adjustment risk of problematic equipment kilns. While taking into account the replacement of support rollers and the problems found on the inspection site, we comprehensively calculated the expected adjustment value of the pad to achieve the normal centerline adjustment effect, providing a new kiln adjustment idea for the new kiln site situation. Ensure the long-term stable operation and efficient production of the rotary kiln.
The production of lithium carbonate from spodumene involves two relatively independent processes: pre roasting to produce brine and brine to produce lithium carbonate. The production of brine from spodumene includes eight small steps: drying, roasting, cooling, crushing, grinding, acidification, water immersion, and solid-liquid separation. Australian Spodumene 1、 Drying: The moisture content of spodumene purchased for the project is usually 8%. In order to not affect the subsequent roasting process, the material needs to be dried. The drying is carried out in a rotary drying kiln, with a drying temperature of about 250 ℃ and a duration of about 15 minutes. The hot air comes into direct contact with the material. After drying, the moisture content of spodumene is about 6.5%, and the drying process can reduce the gas consumption in the subsequent roasting process. The drying heat source comes from the waste heat of the rotary kiln exhaust gas (in order to achieve energy conservation and consumption reduction, a portion of the hot flue gas with a waste heat of about 250 ℃ from the rotary calcination kiln exhaust gas is introduced into the drying kiln through fans). All collected dust from drying will be used for the calcination process. 2、 Roasting: After drying, the lithium pyroxene enters the high-temperature roasting room of the rotary kiln for roasting (using coke oven gas as fuel, and a spray gun is set in the middle section of the tunnel type roasting kiln for direct combustion). The rotary kiln uses coke oven gas as fuel and conducts high-temperature roasting of the raw materials through direct heating. The sintering temperature is controlled to be 1100-1200 ℃, and the roasting time lasts for about 2 hours. Rotary kiln After the calcination is completed, the spodumene raw material is α Transformation of type spodumene into β Type spodumene transforms lithium from an acid insoluble structure to an acid soluble structure, with a conversion rate of 95-98%. The transformation process equation is：α-Li2O·Al2O3·4SiO2→β-Li2O·Al2O3·4SiO2 3、 Cooling: When the material is roasted at high temperature, due to the melting of some materials, the sintered material will have a certain strength and needs to be cooled. It enters the cooling kiln and is forced to cool to around 90 ℃. The cooling time after roasting is 1.5 hours. 4、 Crushing: The cooled clinker is transported to the crusher using a closed chain conveyor to prevent large pieces of clinker from entering subsequent processes. The clinker is crushed to a particle size of about 10mm and then fed into the vertical mill system through a closed belt conveyor. 5、 Grinding: In order to facilitate subsequent leaching operations and dissolve the clinker more fully, the crushed clinker needs to be further ground. The material is fed into the grinding disc of the vertical grinding system through a belt weighing scale, and under the action of centrifugal force, the material moves towards the periphery of the grinding disc. When the material passes between the grinding disc and the grinding roller, it is compressed and ground into powder under the action of compression force. The material powder particles that have been ground continue to move outward and are finally thrown towards the edge of the grinding disc; Relying on the negative pressure formed by the suction of the main exhaust fan, the slightly hot desiccant gas enters the mill from the inlet of the vertical mill and passes through the outer edge of the grinding disc from bottom to top; The material powder particles are carried up by the slightly hot desiccant gas, and the heavier and coarse material powder particles in the separator collide with the blade baffle of the separator and return to the grinding disc for further grinding; Lighter and smaller material powder particles are collected by the powder collector through the separator; The separator device on the upper part of the vertical mill screens the ground material, and the material powder with unqualified fineness is separated from the vortex along the inner wall of the inner cone and returned to the grinding plate for further grinding. The material with a particle size below 100 mesh after grinding enters the next process. 6. Acidification: Crushed to below 100 mesh β Type spodumene and 98% concentrated sulfuric acid are mixed and acidified on a mixer (in a ratio of 2.5-3.5:1). The mixture is transported to two acidification kilns through a feed screw conveyor. The acidification kilns are heated by a hot air furnace that burns coke oven gas, using an external indirect heating method. The reaction temperature is controlled at 250-300 ℃, and the duration is about 10 minutes, β Type spodumene will undergo a complete salinization reaction with sulfuric acid, and the reaction equation is as follows: Li2O·Al2O3·4SiO2 +H2SO4→Li2SO4 + H2O·Al2O3·4SiO2 At the same time, the following side effects also occurred: Na2O·Al2O3·4SiO2 + H2SO4→Na2SO4 + H2O·Al2O3·4SiO2 K2O·Al2O3·4SiO2 +H2SO4→ K2SO4 + H2O·Al2O3·4SiO2 MgO·Al2O3·4SiO2+H2SO4→ MgSO4 + H2O·Al2O3·4SiO2 CaO·Al2O3·4SiO2+ H2SO4→ CaSO4 + H2O·Al2O3·4SiO2 Fe2O3 +3H2SO4→Fe2（SO4）3 +3H2O ZnO + H2SO4→ZnSO4 + H2O TlO2+ H2SO4→TlOSO4+ H2O When the material undergoes a salinization reaction, resin impurities are removed between the aluminosilicate core of spodumene and sulfuric acid, and the exchange results in the lithium in spodumene being replaced by hydrogen, while the mineral structure is not actually damaged. The acidified material after the salinization reaction is sent to the cooling kiln by a screw conveyor, which is indirectly water-cooled to below 80 ℃ before entering the subsequent leaching process. The design of the acid roasting device is divided into four parts: raw material unit, acid roasting unit, cooling storage unit, heating unit, etc. (1) Raw material unit ① Fine calcined spodumene feeding, weighing and measuring process. In the fine roasting material warehouse β Spodumene enters this unit, is weighed and measured by a closed weighing feeder, and then put into a double screw mixer. ② Concentrated sulfuric acid transportation and metering process. Concentrated sulfuric acid is transported through pipelines from the sulfuric acid tank area in the factory area to the metering tank, and then pumped to the double screw mixer through the sulfuric acid feeding pump. (2) Acid roasting unit ① β Lithium pyroxene fine powder (100 mesh) flows into the weighing scale by gravity from the bottom outlet of the fine powder silo. ② Measurement scales generally use spiral scales, rotor scales, Coriolis force scales, etc. In this project, Coriolis force scales are used. ③ The measurement scale outlet is connected to a screw conveyor, and the speed of the screw conveyor is controlled by the reading of the Coriolis force scale, thereby controlling the feeding amount of spodumene powder. ④ The screw conveyor outlet is connected to the mixing machine. ⑤ Mixers generally use single screw mixers, screw belt mixers, and double screw mixers. This project adopts a double screw mixer. ⑥ 98% sulfuric acid is sent from the storage tank to the mixer through a fluorine lined magnetic pump. ⑦ Install flow meters and regulating valves on the sulfuric acid pipeline. ⑧ Control the mass flow rate of sulfuric acid through spodumene mass flow rate. ⑨ Sulfuric acid is sprayed into the mixer through a multi-point nozzle and mechanically mixed with spodumene fine powder. The mixture is called acid mixture. ⑩ The mixed acid material is then fed into the acidification kiln through the inlet spiral and the kiln tail cover. (3) Acid clinker cooling storage unit The acidified material coming out of the furnace tail is sent by spiral to the cooling kiln for cooling to below 80 ℃. The cooling kiln adopts indirect cooling with chilled water, and the cooled acidified clinker is sent to the wet process section in the factory. (4) Heating unit The heating system of this project adopts the form of a hot air circulation system (hot air circulation) supplied by a coke oven gas hot air stove. The coke oven gas sent by the pipeline and the preheated air sent by the air fan are burned in the hot air furnace. The hot flue gas generated by the combustion is mixed with the circulating hot flue gas sent by the high-temperature circulating fan in the tail section of the hot air furnace. After being regulated by the valve in the hot air pipeline, it enters the jacket of the acidification kiln to provide heat to the furnace body. Most of the hot flue gas is circulated in the heating system, and a portion of it is preheated with air and discharged through the chimney. Each air duct in the system is equipped with regulating doors, which can meet different heating temperature requirements for each section of the furnace body. The smoke exhaust duct is equipped with a regulating valve to regulate the balance of system air pressure. Operating conditions and control parameters: Control the reaction temperature from 250 ℃ to 300 ℃, determine the amount of sulfuric acid feed based on the amount of effective component Li2O in the ore, maintain a free acid content of 20-22% in the mixed acid material, and determine a feed acid ratio of about 2.5-3.5. The residence time of the material in the roasting furnace is about 30 minutes. The free acid content in the acid clinker is 2-6% under normal pressure. 7、 Water immersion: The acid cooled spodumene acid clinker contains about 2-6% sulfuric acid, which is transported by a buried scraper conveyor into the slurry tank through the acid clinker bin. The acid clinker slurry is then mixed with lithium slag washing solution, resin regeneration water, and condensate water in a liquid solid ratio of about 1.6:1 to form an acidic acid clinker slurry (the temperature of the acid clinker after cooling is about 40 ℃, and it enters the closed leaching tank below the liquid level through the discharge channel), and then sent to the neutralization tank. Limestone is added Lime neutralizes residual sulfuric acid. Limestone and quicklime are fed into the neutralization tank by a feeder through a buried scraper conveyor. The pH meter in the neutralization tank controls the speed of the feeder, thereby controlling the amount of limestone and quicklime added. After the pH reaches 6-6.5, stop feeding and the neutralization reaction lasts for 20 minutes. After leaching, lithium enters the liquid phase (neutralization slurry) from the solid phase, and the lithium leaching rate reaches about 98%. The neutralization slurry is pumped into the filter press by the slurry pump for subsequent operations. Reaction equation： CaCO3 +H2SO4→CaSO4 + CO2↑+H2O CaO+H2SO4→CaSO4 +H2O Operating conditions and control parameters: leaching temperature 40 ℃, liquid-solid ratio 1.6:1, leaching time 2-3 hours, atmospheric pressure. 八、Solid liquid separation: After the neutralization slurry is pumped into the filter press, it undergoes processes such as filtration, washing, pressing, blowing, and unloading to obtain wet lithium slag, lithium sulfate filtrate, and lithium slag washing solution, respectively. Plate and frame filter press Filtering: The neutralization slurry is pumped into the filter press for solid-liquid separation. When the flow rate of the slurry pump decays to about 5m3/h, the filter press stops feeding. The filtered filtrate is mainly lithium sulfate filtrate, which is temporarily stored in the filter tank before entering the impurity removal process. Washing: The lithium content in the filter residue obtained from solid waste separation is still relatively high. Through online washing with condensate water, as much lithium sulfate solution as possible can be leached out from the lithium residue. The solution obtained from leaching is the lithium residue washing solution, which is returned to the leaching process for acid clinker slurry preparation. Pressing: After washing, the lithium residue continues to be pressed, and the filtrate is returned to the leaching process for acid clinker slurry preparation. Drying: After the pressing is completed, the lithium residue is blown and drained with 0.7MPa wet air, and the drained water is returned to the leaching process for acid clinker slurry preparation. The moisture content of the drained lithium slag is less than 20%. Unloading: Use a belt conveyor to treat the leached residue after pressure filtration as solid waste.
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